A potentiostat/galvanostat is an essential instrument in electrochemical research and analysis. It is used to control and measure the electrical potential (voltage) or current in electrochemical cells. This device operates by maintaining a constant potential between a working electrode and a reference electrode (in potentiostat mode) or by controlling the current flowing through the working electrode (in galvanostat mode). Potentiostats/galvanostats are widely used in fields such as materials science, corrosion studies, battery testing, electroplating, and fundamental electrochemical research. By regulating the voltage or current, the potentiostat/galvanostat allows for the study of various electrochemical reactions and phenomena, such as redox processes, charge storage, and conductivity of materials. These instruments are crucial for understanding the dynamics of electrochemical systems and are often used in combination with techniques like cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.